Digital battery

BYD sales vice president of the company and spokesman Wang Jun, the BYD car in the field of new energy uses the most advanced battery technologies in iron, causing the vehicle dynamics of technological innovations. Dell Latitude D410 battery  Dell Latitude D500 battery

 

According to Securities Daily reported that January 8, 2009, national policy, driven by an automotive market well. Tax concessions to purchase the car in the country, develop new energy sources, the car companies through mergers and acquisitions have become the keyword 2009 automotive policy. 7, the reporter had an exclusive interview with a company BYD Vice President Marketing and Spokesman Wang Jun, to explain the development of new energy vehicles.

 

Wang Jun said that in early 2009 brought the “energy-saving vehicles and new demonstration of the energy and extension measures the Fund’s financial assistance to interim management,” the State pursuant to purchase of new energy saving rate of vehicles and under the technical level of subsidies, not only to promote new energy industry vehicle development, but also help guide its own brand cars to accelerate the search for new energy & D and innovation, promote new technologies, upgrading motor vehicle fuel. BYD This is a good opportunity for development and further enhanced the development of new energy vehicles in the determination and confidence. BYD will launch more models of DM models followed, including the F6 [Review Forum Photo] DM F0 [Review Forum Photo] DM and so on, after the introduction of pure electric vehicles will be. IBM ThinkPad T60 battery  IBM ThinkPad R40 battery

 

Currently, BYD F3DM [Review Forum Photo] has selected the first batch of countries, “energy saving and new energy vehicles recommended models engineering model application directory” is the only brand to choose the class of car. In agreement with the Ministry of Finance released a new energy regime of the vehicle grant, each BYD F3DM have the opportunity to earn up to 5 million of financial aid.

 

Wang Jun said that currently, the domestic automakers are pursuing research and development of new energy models, because the new energy vehicles, it is the inevitable trend of future development of the car, which will be an ever-fiercer competition. BYD has emphasized technology is king, innovation-based development concept, BYD hopes, through their own efforts to this community a better, healthier, and I think the field of new energy vehicles BYD can count on their own R & D and technology absolute advantage to gain the competitive position, create a better environment for the community, and create a green and healthy future.

 

He stressed that even if the comparison of energy vehicles, high-tech new General Motors, Toyota is concerned, there are three advantages of BYD, and first, BYD F3DM double the vehicle’s electric mileage reached 100 kilometers, d Secondly, there BYD F3DM very dynamic. 100 kilometers acceleration BYD F3DM is 10 seconds, the third car F3DM plug-in charger that PP2182D PP2182L can be achieved, 220V household can be billed. And F3DM Toyota, GM earlier than in the commercialization of the end of 2008 was in the market.

 

In addition, the BYD based on their industrial experience, and strong vertical integration is also a big advantage, able to BYD batteries, electric motor technology is to combine effectively to achieve commercial operations of electric vehicles. Meanwhile, the DM-BYD dual-mode electric vehicles has also beaten by the prosecution repeated household plug-in both technical difficulties and to ensure safety and durability.

 

Wang Jun said that the conventional fuel vehicles, electric cars F3DM BYD dual-mode has two particular advantages include: VGP-BPS9 VGP-BPL8

 

Superior performance dynamic F3DM carrying BYD371QA aluminum engine, dual-mode electric drive system of the vehicle dramatically improves engine power and torque, vehicle F3DM BYD dual-mode electric power reached up to 125KW, or equivalent of 3.0 L superior performance of engine, the pilot will be happy while driving. In addition, in the initial phase, cars double electric BYD F3DM superior transient acceleration, exceeding by far the 3.0L engine class can achieve.

 

The use of low cost: in terms of fuel economy, F3DM dual-mode electric car 100 miles of pure electric mode consumes only 16 degrees, electricity by 0.6 yuan / kWh, the train speed 100km spend about 9.6 yuan. DM BYD dual-supply system mode uses the latest engine, the engine makes the system in all operating conditions of the lowest fuel consumption under 250g/kwh. And the survey shows that linked more than 90% of the car is not more than 100 kilometers per day, which means that the use of DM BYD dual-mode electric vehicles, most people do s’ not approaching disturbance of high oil prices. PA3285U-1BRS  PA3285U-2BRS

Because the cost of electricity is only the use of oil 1 / 4, for consumers, it’s probably an economic choice absolute.

 

BYD in the field of new energy vehicles using the most advanced technologies of iron batteries, causing the vehicle dynamics of technological innovations. Car battery power is difficult to “high security” and “low cost”, “Long Life”, “green”, “complex” and five other requirements. The BYD’s “iron battery” in these five indicators were made breakthrough.

 

F3DM dual-mode electric vehicle equipped with DM is the first hybrid to hybrid systems. DM stands for dual-mode. DM dual mode electric vehicle using systems of electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid power systems (HEV). Is a way to control the engine and engine power to combine two types of advanced hybrid technology not only reduces fuel consumption and emissions, but also greatly improves the performance of power and control, were able to load, but also a variety of additional fuel energy route to achieving a true sense of the double hybrid power systems. A1175 A1185

 

Whether it is the intention of returning to action. Wang Jun said BYD in July 2009 issued a public notice in a clear BYD is based on processes carried out in accordance with relevant laws and regulations China Securities Regulatory Commission to declare, before the relevant approval, expected to go to market in Shenzhen , issuing more than 100 million shares of A-shares, the proceeds will be used for the allocation of lithium-ion battery production, research and development of the automobile, to develop products of the automobiles and automotive components and the project of solar cells. BYD to believe that the company A shares will create a new financing structure and allow companies to expand markets for different values, thus ensuring the company to enhance business development and further improve our competitiveness.

 

BYD Auto full year 2009 sales break 450,000, exceeding the planned target of 400,000, an increase of 162% over one year, while achieving sales growth of 100 percent for six consecutive years. BATBL50L6 LCBTP03003

 

From 2009, the market performance, the Meritorious F3 car for sale a pause continues 30000, becoming the only Chinese car market, members of “30000″ club; F6 version of the new wealth, the monthly sales of more 6000; the high-end boutique F0 car over 10000 sales, becoming a new generation of mini-car king; new intermediate objects shop Jiajiao G3 [Review forum photo], but as capacity increases, the market potential the liberation of others, the impact on sales of 10,000. The above models are also expected to continue robust growth in 2010 to achieve the market BYD to contribute.

 

production and marketing plans, and we strive to achieve 100 per cent jump in growth. To support that, L3, I6, G6, S6, M6 and 5 others will be loaded target of 170,000 new car sales, and even for the dealer to provide a strong car. BYD first M6 upscale as a full size MPV, Wen Qi opens with the economic opportunity on the best network marketing as a whole; L3 has already boarded the last batch of national automobile directory, it will be a BYD on other high-end midsize car, the new G6, S6, I6 and other premium products will be unveiled in 2010. VGP-BPS2 VGP-BPS2A

In recent years, with new lithium-ion secondary battery in top sports energy, environmental protection, security and other lithium breakthrough technology industrialization of electric vehicles entered an important phase of development. August 25, 2006 Lithium power ion battery technology and industrial development of the international forum held in Beijing, Zheng Ji-chun, deputy director of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Committee briefed the participants on electric vehicles in Beijing and lithium-industry developments ion battery. hp Pavilion dv2000 battery  hp Pavilion dv6000 battery

 

Development of electric vehicles is required

 

Zheng Ji-chun said that in addition to global energy crisis, the background, development of electric vehicles in Beijing there are two main reasons, namely, the requirements of environmental protection and the Olympic requirements.

 

According to statistics, from the end of June this year in Beijing reached 2.73 million motor vehicles to maintain, primarily in China, with an annual growth rate of about 15% is expected of By the end of this year will exceed 3 million euros. With the amount of car ownership has increased year by year, commuting from his people very practical at the same time, has also caused environmental pollution, noise, oil tight and so on. According to the experimental units, each fuel vehicles daily gases emitted about 0.6 ~ 0.9 kilograms, the atmosphere in Beijing more than 70% of oil, over 60% of nitrogen oxides from exhaust from cars, direct discharges of pollutants from car the total concentration of the contribution rate has shown an upward trend. Compared with foreign countries, emissions from motor vehicles in China caused by air pollution is much higher than the United States, Japan, France, automobile exhaust has become the capital of main sources of air pollution. Dell Inspiron 1150 battery  Dell Inspiron 1300 battery

 

In addition, the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing, according to his previous experience in successfully hosting the Olympic and pure electric vehicles have become the host city for the Olympics earlier promotional theme of Green Olympics. In 1996, the United States Olympic Games in Atlanta, has invested more than 250 vehicles from golf carts electric and 15 electric buses in the fleet composition of the green, the Sydney 2000 Olympics, has invested $ 400 pure electric vehicles by the composition of the fleet green 2004 Athens Olympic Games in South Korea Hyundai offers a number of vehicles, pure electric vehicles for the marathon and marathon relay of the torch lead car. Solemn commitment of the Beijing Olympics would be “tight control of exhaust gas from vehicles and other sources of emissions of pollutants and the urban daily average concentration of major pollutants to ensure that weather conditions over unfavorable to achieving the standards of air quality required by the International Olympic Committee.”

 

Zheng Ji-chun said, according to these reasons, Beijing has the responsibility and the need to develop electric vehicles is a difficult and urgent.  IBM ThinkPad X60 battery FRU 92P1141

 

Pure electric vehicles will be used for Beijing Olympics

 

According to Zheng Ji-chun erected the development of Beijing Electric Vehicle fundamental objective is to reduce automobile pollution, adjust and improve the structure of energy consumption and to achieve urban economic development, social and environmental development. To this end, the development of Beijing electric vehicles throughout the deployment of a three-pronged: First, select the bus to promote the use of electric vehicles as the main areas, the second is to promote research electric vehicles, development and industrialization, third battery of active power, etc. advanced technology vehicle research and development.

 

Use of electric vehicles in the Olympic Games, Beijing has also made a corresponding development plan: First, 90% buses and all municipal regulations (environmental and postal) car for the electric vehicle, the second is research and development of pure electric vehicles to improve traffic pollution, three Olympic Park with a zero emission vehicles and ultra-low emission vehicle. VGP-BPS8B VGP-BPS9

 

Zheng Ji-chun said, according to the presentation of preliminary ideas for pure electric vehicles as the representative of the zero-emission and ultra-low emission vehicle, it will direct the Beijing Olympics, applied to the major bus lines , focusing on regional and sports centers. To this end, Beijing attaches great importance to electric vehicles in recent years, research, development and promotion application. It is understood that, “15″ period, Beijing took the 863 “national” plan major projects in pure electric vehicles, electric buses and bus research and fuel cell development tasks, and became the National Science and Technology has established four model cities in the world of electric vehicles. Science and Technology Commission of Beijing Olympics is also used in the development and application of electric vehicles, one after another in this area, science and technology funds invested around 2 billion euros, thanks a series of major scientific and technological projects and scientific and technological projects carried out much work, research and development, manufacture, application to promote the three links in the detail and meticulous deployment. PA3285U-3BRS PA3383U-1BRS

 

According to reports, the search for electric vehicles and development process, Beijing has made a series of technical achievements with the rights of independent intellectual property, access to more than 20 patents, developing technical specifications and standards of undertaking of 22 items related companies have independent intellectual property rights produced electric vehicle capabilities, and Beijing R & D of electric vehicles has almost reached the practical level. A number of lines through a model for nearly a year to run the Beijing developed independently of the overall performance of the electric passenger car pure principle has been found practical electric vehicles and key components of the reliability and applicability of the problem was basically solved, the mileage intervals were failure to reach the level of conventional engines, internal combustion, can basically meet the bus and use requirements during the Olympic Games.

 

Lithium battery car problem solving Olympics

 

Electric vehicles are crucial cycle of battery life, safety, cost and application problems efficiently. Electric vehicles in Beijing in the development and commercialization process has also been confronted with these obstacles, the battery technology for power, performance and cost constraints become an issue of wide application of commercial electric vehicles of the neck strangulation.

 

According to Zheng Ji-chun, at present, Beijing, developed mainly in the location of production of electric vehicles, lead to greater capacity, battery acid and lithium-ion batteries as power, fuel cell technology fuel is still at the track and the stage of research. With the trial operation in a number of bus routes and found that the use of lead acid batteries for electric vehicle driving range is shorter lifespan is short. In addition, lead acid batteries, there are still bulky, not environmental protection and other shortcomings. And compared with lead acid batteries, lithium-ion battery is a high energy density, high operating voltage of the green cells is considered to power future electric vehicle battery, one of the best choices, but the high cost of investment of time. It is understood that an electrical bus with 400-an-hour lithium-price ion battery to hundreds of thousands of dollars to reduce the cost of lithium-ion battery is an important element of future research.

 

Beijing attaches great importance to the lithium-ion battery and key material for research and industrialization. It is understood that, “15″ period around the lithium-ion battery research and development and implementation of the Science of Beijing Municipality and Technology Commission has invested more than 4000 million science and funds technology, organization and implementation of lithium, the material of the lithium ion battery cathode of manganese oxide from industrial technological development “,” pure electric vehicle lithium-industrialization of ion battery research and development ” and a significant number of scientific and technological projects, support the cathode material, the diaphragm and other essential materials to a series of lithium-cell research ion. Thanks to scientific research and technological research on key technologies and development of lithium-ion battery Beijing and key materials for the industry has made a breakthrough. Current cathode materials have been developed with intellectual property rights independent of the lithium-ion batteries key information necessary for the synthesis of manganese oxide lithium technology to solve an international structure of lithium manganese spinel oxide the synthesis of key technical problems and the lithium manganese oxide charge and discharge cycle stability of the world with problems of poor technique, and has made lithium oxide and lithium manganese oxide industrialization cobalt material.

 

However, Zheng Ji-chun also emphasized that lithium current China-materials separator ion A1060 M8403 battery necessary to rely solely on imports, prices cost high-powered battery separator materials represent over 30%. If the membrane material to enable location will significantly reduce the cost of battery power. For example, the Olympic 400 with an electric car when the lithium-ion battery, divide the cost accounted for 16 million yuan, if the membrane to allow localization costs will save half of the membrane. Currently, a number of units are organized scientific research, and some have already entered the pilot phase.

Lithium-ion batteries is a new type of battery, it does not contain lithium metal in the charge-discharge process, only the lithium-ion in the positive and negative exchanges between the campaigns, the electrode and electrolyte not participating in the reaction. Lithium-ion batteries for energy densities can reach 300Wh / L, the density of the payload can reach 125Wh / L.

 

1, Principles of batteries

Lithium-Ion batteries, with charges reaction mechanism of the discharge pipe, the lithium ions between positive and negative electrodes embedded in a prolapse, shuttle to and from the internal VGP-BPS10 battery without the presence of lithium metal, lithium-ion batteries more security and stability. The reaction scheme and the formula of basic reaction is:

 

2, construction of piers

The positive is LiCoO2 batteries and more conductive adhesives, coated aluminum foil to form the positive plate, the negative electrode is a conductive layer of graphite as well as agents and adhesive coatings based on copper particles Graphite is now more advanced layers were negative using nano-carbon.

 

The mechanism of above reaction, the positive use of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O2 which this is a structure of LiCoO2 layer forms very stable crystal, but when away from LiCoO2 XLI, its structure may change, but if change depends on the X size. Through research has found that when X> 0.5, where the structure of Li1-XCoO2 expressed in extremely unstable and collapse occurs paralysis crystal, its outdoor performances of the end for the batteries overwhelming. Therefore, as part of VGP-BPS9 batteries must be controlled by limiting the charging voltage Li1-XCoO2 the value of X, the general tariff, the voltage does not exceed 4.2 V when X is less than 0.5, XCoO2-li1 then the crystal is always stable. C6 has its negative characteristics of its own, when for the first time after the LiCoO2 cathode of Li is sufficient to negative C6, when the discharge Li returned to the LiCoO2 cathode, but must be followed in a part of Li C6 remained negative, the heart of ensuring that the next charge and discharge embedding normal Li batteries otherwise overwhelming very short to ensure that there are part of the Li remained negative C6 The general threshold voltage by limiting the discharge to achieve. Therefore, the safety of lithium rechargeable batteries, the maximum voltage ≤ 4 .2 V, discharge lower limit voltage ≥ 2.5V.

 

3, the battery safety

Batteries for safety and design, materials and control of production processes in the production process is closely related to other factors. In IBM ThinkPad R51 battery charging and discharge process, the positive electrode potential anode materials are in dynamic change, with the voltage higher load, the cathode material (LixCoO2) the upside potential, the anode material for the insertion of lithium (LixC6) potential first down, then the potential emergence of a long platform, when the charging voltage is too high (> 4.2V) or because the negative electrode material of the surface density over the surface density of cathode material (C / A ratio) is low, excess lithium anode material, the cathode potential down rapidly and so the precipitation of lithium metal (in Under normal circumstances, it will not be the precipitation of lithium), it will be the performance of batteries and safety is a major threat. Potential changes see below:

 

In the matter has been defined circumstances, C / A too large, it will appear above the results. Instead, C / A is too small, the capacity is low platform, low cycle characteristics of the poor. Thus, in the production and transformation of the way to ensure the design of a good C / A ratio has become a key production and processing. Therefore, production must be controlled on the following aspects:

 

1. Materials handling anode

1) The large and ultra-fine powder with a particle size necessary for a complete separation, avoiding overheating local electrochemical reaction resulting from a negative reaction, to improve Dell Inspiron 1150 battery safety.

2) increasing the surface porosity, which can increase capacity by more than 10%, while C / A rate unchanged, security increased dramatically. Treatment led to the surface of anode materials for better compatibility with the electrolyte, and promote the formation of SEI film and stabilization.

2. Pulping process control

A) Process of pulping using methods and advanced technology of special chemical reagents, so that positive and negative slurry surface tension between the groups minimized. Improve the compatibility between the different groups to prevent the material in the mixing process “Reunion” phenomenon.

2) The time-based coating materials and spray the gap should be controlled to 0.2 mm below the surface of such a plate covered with smooth without particles, dents, scratches and other defects.

3) The suspension should be stored for more than 6 hours, the viscosity of the slurry remained stable in the Territories, slurry polymerization in a group phenomenon. Grout to ensure uniform distribution of positive and negative electrodes on the uniformity of the substrate, thereby improving the consistency of batteries, security.

 

3. The most advanced equipment for manufacturing chips

1) a pole piece can ensure stability and consistency of quality has greatly improved the uniformity of the F2024B battery pole piece, reducing the likelihood of the emergence of hazardous batteries.

2) monolithic plate coating machine exceeds the value of error density must be less than ± 2%, length of the plate and the size of the gap error must be less than 2 mm.

3) The rolls of the press roller cone and radial runout shall not be greater than 4μm, to ensure consistency of thick plates. The equipment must be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust to prevent dust particles caused by the internal micro-batteries short-circuit, thus ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

4) cutting machine must be used as a knife-type cutting rolls cutting a continuous device, and cut the film is not quite there Yebian, burrs and other defects. The same device should be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust, ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

 

4. Advanced Sealing Technology

At home and abroad square lithium-ion VGP-BPS8A batteries are sealed laser (laser) welding sealing technology, which prohibits the use of YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser resonant cavity exposed to a source of bright light (usually the lamp nitrogen) to issue a bunch of inspired one frequency of light (λ = 1.06mm) was concentrated in an infinite number of refracted through the resonator, then concentrate on the Guidance cell alignment between the cylinder and the cover so that after the merger of affinity for one to reach the cover plate and the tube The objective of the merger sealing body. In order to achieve sealing welding, must contain the following elements:

1) It must be great energy, high frequency, focused performance monitoring and precision of the laser welding machine.

2) It must be applied to high precision laser welding of the shell and battery cover.

3) It must have a high degree of purity nitrogen uniform protection, especially aluminum batteries require high purity nitrogen, or aluminum surface will be difficult to produce molten Al2O3 (melting point 2400 ℃ ).

4) batteries and expansion control reasons

Lithium-ion batteries in the manufacture and use, there is often swelling of the phenomenon through the analysis and research are essentially two reasons:

Drowned in a lithium-ion led to changes in the thickness

Lithium rechargeable ion batteries where the anode from the cathode board prolapse, causing negative electrode layer spacing increases, but the swelling is, in general, the thicker apple iBook G4 14 inch battery, plus the amount of expansion.

 

2. Caused by the expansion process of poor control

During the manufacturing process, such as dispersion slurry, C / A than in discrete, temperature control directly affects the expansion of cells able batteries. Including water, because the rechargeable lithium formation of compounds with high carbon activity is very sensitive to water is a tug of chemical reactions. Gases produced by the reaction caused by the cell pressure is increased, an increase in the swelling behavior of batteries. Therefore, in production, in addition to dealing with the dehumidifier plate strict fluid injection in the process of dehumidification equipment should be used to ensure the dryness of the HR2% air, the dew point ( in the atmosphere of moist air due to temperature drop, so that the content of saturated water vapor began to condense when the temperature) is lower than -40 ℃. In very dry conditions, and taking fluids injected under vacuum, greatly reducing the chances of plates and electrolyte absorption.

5, aluminum and steel batteries comparison of the security

Aluminum over steel with high security benefits, the following is different from the pressure of the experience:

 

Note: The pressure is the pressure of batteries within the pressure (unit: kg), the data tables of a core electrical thickness (unit: mm) of steel can be considered to result internal pressure is very slow, while the internal pressure aluminum reaction was very acute. Therefore, from the thickness can be judged on the basis of battery internal pressure while the pressure of steel piles are often induced by the implicit hidden dangers. A steel model 063,448 batteries.

Some basic methods

 

First presents the basic methods, these methods, you may already be familiar with, but if the flexibility of demand, will greatly increase battery life.

 

1, using energy saving mode mobile phones

 

Take time to understand the interface of your smartphone, you will find the settings can be saved by changing the Laptop battery. Note that these parameters are related to many aspects of the use of mobile phones, it may be in different parts of the interface. But for most cell phones, such as Windows Mobile and BlackBerry mobile phones, the option in the Settings menu.

 

We must reduce the brightness of the screen by default, because the climax will consume more energy. But also shorten the time fire background. Although this may sometimes make you feel very cool, but its benefits are obvious.

 

2 for your cell phone to find stuff online

 

For example, there specifically for a new generation of Apple’s iPhone 3G page on how to save electricity. In addition, there are few manufacturers not to provide useful skills, like the BlackBerry and Windows Mobile website.

 

3, if there is an opportunity to take time to load

 

The use of mobile phones are lithium-ion IBM ThinkPad T40 battery, so it is quite possible and even recommended. If the conference room of the outlet or load terminal of the airport, to take full advantage of every opportunity to recharge their cell phones. Recharging while driving is a choice, you use a car charger for mobile phones directly from the handset manufacturer or carriers to search, you can also purchase companies such as APC provide a universal charger.

 

4, using calls, rather than e-Mail

 

In the cellular network, the data connection used to connect the battery is the voice of two to four times. For simple communications, call or send text messages rather than e-mail.

 

Effective management of your software

 

Many of us tend to have used an operating system. And the request to make your smartphone to make it useful and interesting. But regardless of the operating system or applications, will be the exhaustion of VGP-BPS9 power, forcing them to manage and reduce their energy consumption.

 

5, upgrade the operating system

 

Maximum power consumption is the operating system. In each version, manufacturers are still improving energy consumption, in a timely manner to update your operating system.

 

6, using a simple ring

 

Need to use the cell phone with music ringtones processor, leading to consume more energy. A simple, standard ringtones should not be such a treatment.

 

7, minimize the use of the push

 

The most popular is probably the smart phone applications, push e-mail, which requires little time to check the phone messages. This consumes much energy, and you can use settings on the server or the phone itself is set to adjust the cell phone every 10 minutes or half an hour to check the information first. Clearly, this must become accustomed to the use of instant messaging users to coordinate, but on saving hp Pavilion dv4 battery power is really worth doing.

 

In addition to push e-mail, there are a number of other applications and Web services such as instant messaging, navigation tools and stock, news, sports and weather information will be updated periodically. You may not be aware that if you ESPN updated every five minutes, will soon complete consumption battery power. So when you do not use these programs and websites where close.

 

8, weakened garrison functions

 

When news is old, do you really need to phone to vibrate? New messages for the closure of the auditory or visual alarm, or at least have the choice of closure, for example, to retain only your boss and inform parents.

 

Effective management of your hardware

 

In the past, the mobile phone is only a radio for voice calls. Now, in addition to cellular voice daily and data services, wireless, smart phones have Bluetooth, Wi-Fi radio and even GPS.

 

9, turn off the radio does not use

 

The radio is on, even without the use of considerable VGP-BPS13 energy. Learn how to switch off the radio smartphones. For example, for most Windows Mobile phones, if the hold the home button and keep for a while, a dialog box is displayed on mobile phones, you can open this dialog, or turn off the radio.

 

10, note that the time to call

 

When there are too many people trying to access the cellular network, mobile consumption of energy will be even more grande.Malgré this, you may also be reluctant to 3:00 call or answer the phone, but if you’re in the western region of a night owl, 7:00 is what one might call the best time for the eastern region.

 

11 know where you live

 

Studies have shown that the network will be a place where electromagnetic interference to become unstable. This means that in the outdoor park in the mail or call electric hospital less.

 

Similarly, the poor areas of radio coverage will be unstable. If you are in the areas covered by bad guys and you do not like SMS, then turn off your radio.

 

12, using low-speed network

 

Using HSPA or EV-DO as well as using EDGE or 3G services, such as 2.5G services, 1xRTT need more power. All applications require a maximum speed, you will notice in May 2.5G and 3G services, the major differences, such as checking your email. Some phones, such as the Apple iPhone 3G, you can jump to a network access low speed, thereby saving the Dell Inspiron E1705 battery power. If your phone has this feature, at the appropriate time to use it.

 

13, using a wired headset

 

Bluetooth headset to use their own needs for radio frequency use the battery. Using the wired headset does not use a separate radio frequency, will make your cell phone to use longer. And using a wired headset call quality is better.

 

14, using self-closing feature

 

Some phones, like BlackBerrys, mobile phones within the time specified, close parameters. Phone automatically turns off at 11 am, at 7:00 to open. In this case, you do not have to worry about the.

 

Battery Maintenance and Repair

 

On the way to maintain the battery some outdated ideas still exist for the old nickel-chromium batteries, power is often proposed that ion battery depletion, after full power, but for lithium today - The practice should not be so, and people still, and even some instructions in the user manual is wrong.

 

So here are some tips to ensure more usage time of battery life.

 

15, early and often responsible charge

 

Experts suggest that as far as possible not to pay very little when it is charging. But there is one exception, every few months they should be on your battery is completely discharged, then recharge. In fact, this does not apply if the battery life, but you can reset your phone to load the firmware to provide a more accurate value.

 

16, to keep the battery cool

 

Do not put your cell phone hot place. Experts said this would reduce the capacity of the storage battery.

 

What’s happening in the money

 

17, a spare battery

 

If you want to use the phone for a long time, then buying a laptop toshiba PA3465U-1BRS battery. Depending on your phone model is different from the battery usually costs only U.S. $ 10-30.

 

18 for long battery life

 

Such cells are usually caused by telecom operators and handset manufacturers to sell, they should be larger than the standard battery, this may be filled with the entire phone. But the cell can use a longer time, so you will not be forgotten to worry about a battery backup.

 

Depending on your phone model is different from the price of this long battery life of 20 to 30 dollars.

 

Note that the two techniques above do not apply to Apple’s iPhone because the iPhone battery cell phone is not replaceable.

 

19, carrying a portable rechargeable battery

 

These products are now endless. For example, Medis 24-7 Power Pack fuel cell technology to recharge the apple M8403 battery while the solar charger Solio provides. Portable battery using technology more conventional batteries, such as the Big Wave Power in EnergyPORT. Completely full-power portable battery for your cell phone offers 30 hours of battery life.

 

20, buy a spare battery

 

Battery backup as a method of last resort, and turbo charge manufacturers Cellboost like to buy. This battery lighter, cheaper, and not burden of bulky battery, they are reserved for emergencies.

 

Obviously, if you follow this advice, you may not need emergency aid. Pay more attention to your cell phone battery, they will work longer.

In the 21st century, the world’s energy saving problem of reducing emissions is very important, while the height of the information age of high automotive, high technology, good conditions for the development of another, so that the global automotive industry, appeared in two types of innovative ways: First, attach importance to technology to traditional internal combustion engine vehicle a significant improvement, the second is actively engaged in developing new energy vehicles, particularly the development of electric car development and industrialization. Electric Vehicles and vehicle fuel cell in the global automotive industry, the future development of vehicles and the theme for the competition and electric vehicles as a key vehicle batteries to power new car, auto giants are and the reasons leading manufacturer of Laptop battery, but they have announced investment plans and production workload, triggering a boom car battery investment.

 

Electric vehicle batteries on board a new energy

 

The overall development of electric vehicle battery technology in two major aspects: first, the two existing time the battery should be improved; second is to develop new fuel cells. Currently the majority of electric vehicle battery is still at relatively cheap price of lead acid batteries and other traditional products, but with technological advances and cost effective control of production, batteries lithium and nickel-light metal hydride battery, mileage long life and high energy density and production benefits are gradually being power, which will become the heart of development. Experts predict that by 2015 the global market demand for batteries of hybrid cars will increase three times with a total value reached 23 billion U.S. dollars in 2009, first used in hybrid cars on lithium-ion batteries may occupy the entire half of the IBM ThinkPad X60 battery market. Japanese car giant is expected in the United States and Europe around the year 2010 will be officially in the lithium-ion batteries on passenger cars.

 

1) The vehicle fuel cell on demand. Fuel cells use a variety of fuels, which may be petroleum-based fuels, can also be an organic fuel, and can use, including renewable fuels, including virtually all elements of hydrogen fuel. Been transformed into hydrogen fuel, with its hydrogen fuel cell fuel cell conversion of fuel energy law Carnot cycle limit, thermal efficiency can reach 34% ~ 40%.

 

Different types of fuel cells use different electrolytes are acidic, alkaline, molten salts or solid electrolytes. In the fuel cell fuel and oxidizer through the catalyst in the process of energy conversion, production of electricity through the electrochemical reaction and water (H2O), therefore, does not produce ‘oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and hydrocarbons (HC) and so on air pollution emissions from the environment.

 

Currently, for the combustion engine powered vehicles has become one of the harmful gas emissions, the main source of emissions. Experimental Evidence: When the new vehicle to use natural gas, hydrogen fuel cells as fuel VGP-BPS9 rather than gasoline engines, internal combustion, CO2 emissions can be reduced up to 72%. However, if fuel cells replace the internal combustion engine, the technology of fuel cells, not only to comply with strict legislation on emissions vehicle requirements, but also provide the same convenient and flexible for users end transportation solutions. Drive vehicles, fuel cells must be able to quickly reach operating temperature, with economic benefits and can provide stable performance. It must be said cell proton exchange membrane fuel is best placed to meet these requirements, lower operating temperature can quickly reach the required temperature. As can quickly adapt to a variety of different needs, and about 25% of the efficiency of internal combustion engine, compared to their effectiveness can be as high as 60%. Studies have shown that cells with methanol fuel, fuel consumption is to use gasoline for internal combustion engines of vehicles to 1.76 times. In the existing fuel cells, fuel proton exchange membrane cell power density of the most important. When people in the vehicle for special attention to the design of space is maximized, this factor is essential. In addition, the solid polymer electrolyte may help reduce potential corrosion and safety management. The only potential problem is the fuel quality to avoid contamination of the catalyst at low temperature, fuel cell proton exchange membrane must be used without polluting hydrogen fuel.

 

2) Lithium-ion batteries and lithium-polymer and objects (LIP) battery. Lithium-ion battery (Li-ion) batteries developed from a lithium Dell Inspiron B130 battery. Material Lithium MnO2 cathode or thionyl chloride, lithium anode. After completing assembly of the battery is the battery voltage at no charge. This battery can be charged, but the cycle performance is not good in the charge-discharge cycle over the formation of lithium dendrites, causing internal short-circuit the battery, under normal circumstances the battery Management is prohibited. Later, the Japanese Sony invented the carbon anode materials, lithium-containing compounds to make positive, the charge-discharge process, there is no lithium metal and lithium-ion does, which is Lithium-ion battery. When the battery is charging, the lithium positive ion generation, resulting in movement of lithium ions through the electrolyte to the cathode. As the anode carbon multilayer structure, it has a lot of micro, lithium-ion anode embedded in the porous carbon layer, the integrated lithium-ion plus more carrying capacity. Similarly, when the discharge of the battery (ie, the process of using the battery), which is incorporated in the layer of carbon cathode of lithium-ion extrusion, but also the movement back to positive. Back to the cathode of lithium-ion battery plus the largest discharge capacity. Commonly called “battery capacity refers to the discharge capacity. LII and LiP battery is the newest technology batteries, lithium chemical processes involved in organic electrolyte ions Li in the carbon anode in lithium metal and lithium compounds, running between the cathode. Developed by LiI batteries using cathode lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO), the negative is very high capacity hard carbon online carbon material to form a single cylindrical cell (diameter 67 mm, length 410 mm) by set of eight composition of a standard component. Weight 29 kg Voltage 28.8 V, capacity of 100 Ah, the specific energy of 100 W? H / kg. Only charging voltage of 4.2 V hp Pavilion dv4000 battery, full-time load is 2.5 h, the power density of up to 300 W / kg, to about Ni-H 2 times. LIP is a state of “solid” battery, which uses a lithium metal or pure lithium in the carbon anode, the use of high conductivity of the solid polymer electrolyte. The unique nature of the electrodes for lips and polymer is very thin, the thickness of a unit is only 0.01 cm, the equivalent of a “transparent tape” thick. May be packaged in any form, can drive and installed in the cylinder, may also piled up a block of apartments. LiP unit battery voltage 3 V (NiMH battery 1.2 V) so that 12 V batteries lip may be composed of four single-cell battery 14 V Lip.

 

Canada Hydroquébec Electric Company and 3M, the joint development of the lips for the batteries of electric cars to work at 60 ℃ to obtain high conductivity in solid polymer electrolyte, so that better performance of the battery, its energy density 120 W? H / kg. Nissan Hyper Mini electric vehicle using high density and light quality lithium-ion batteries, their energy density batteries, lead acid 3 times, 1.5 times the nickel-metal hydride sony VGP-BPS5 battery can load and unload 1 200 times. Load simple, non-contact charging method, you can simply roll the plastic into a high output power of ordinary frequency, you can connect. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed a new type of cathode materials for lithium battery, lithium batteries can produce lighter and prices lower, while the energy conversion more efficient. Using a replacement aluminum parts are usually made of cobalt cathode, the lithium produces a higher voltage than normal. As the density of aluminum small and inexpensive, thereby reducing the quality and cost of the entire battery.

 

3) Ni - MH battery. It is also a type of alkaline batteries, the nominal voltage of 1.2 V, the specific energy can reach 70 ~ 80 W? H / kg, will extend the mileage of electric cars. That the power of 200 W / kg, is the lead acid batteries twice may improve the performance of starting the vehicle, and acceleration. Features a high discharge rate, a short period of time can be 3 C discharge, the instantaneous rate of discharge pulses much. Ni - MH over-charging and over-discharge performance is good, may be responsible charge and can fast charge, within 15 minutes in up to 60% charge, 1 h may be completely filled in the additional period of Emergency care is short. In 80% depth of discharge, cycle life can reach 1 000 times more than lead acid batteries 3 times. All closed-shell, you can work in a vacuum environment. Better performance at low temperature can be stored longer. Ni - MH are not heavy metals like lead and cadmium do not pollute the environment, Ni - MH toshiba PA3191U-3BRS battery can be charged with leaving it with no nickel - cadmium in the absence of discharge after finished charging electricity to the “memory effect”.

 

2-car electric vehicle battery is the bottleneck technique

 

The ultimate development of the new direction of energy vehicles purely electric vehicles and electric vehicles to fuel cell, while the current market outlook is the most hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) especially the broad perspective PHEV, its maximum technical difficulty is precisely the vehicle battery. Pure Car battery is running in bus lanes, and some carmakers are beyond the pure cell prototype car, but because the level of battery power and price reasons, not in the car on a wide range of applications . Vehicle fuel cell are currently part of a basic theory and practical skills while promoting high-tech products, while the global automotive industry, a more coherent vision, from a historical trend and realistic to consider the scientific development, it will be the future of the electric car industry is also the best final product. Currently, a fuel cell powered electric + electric hybrid car has more to occur. This will temporarily reduce its technology to fuel cell requirements of lithium-compensated ion apple A1079 battery, it can be said that hybrid vehicles in the longer term transition, leading to a real cell vehicle fuel is an issue course. Hybrid technology is an important part of the strategy for energy research and development of automotive batteries, countries are wrestling competition to advance a breakthrough. In 1991, the U. S. General Motors, Ford and Chrysler have created an electric car “Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC), co-developed needs a new generation of high-energy batteries and heavily subsidized by the U.S. Department of Energy. In recent years the government U.S. has also provided 3 100 dollars to accelerate research into this technology. The foreseeable future, new energy vehicles PHEV is an important development direction.

 

3 warlords market investment vehicle battery becomes mainstream lithium batteries

 

In the field of lithium batteries is the global market share of first place in Sanyo Electric of Japan to start mass production in 2009. From the beginning of 2006, Sanyo to join the Volkswagen Group in Germany, a new generation of nickel - systems hydride batteries. Volkswagen is currently jointly developed specifically for hybrid vehicle battery high capacity Lithium, and is ready to be in 2012, the use of vehicles environmentally friendly. Toyota Motor Corporation jointly Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., a substantial increase in the Aspire 3000 battery environment friendly hybrid car. Toyota and Matsushita Battery co-funded manufacturing enterprises “PanasonicEV energy (hereinafter PEVE) will build a mainstream production of nickel - plant hydride batteries, the large investment of about 300 billion yen is expected to put into service in 2011, an annual production capacity of around 300,000 car batteries. This series of initiatives to increase the total investment of about 700 billion yen. At the same time, Toyota also accelerate research and development at a lower cost mass production of next generation lithium-ion battery technology. PEVE will invest in new production of next generation lithium-ion battery plant, and strengthen the existing installation Ni - MH battery capacity. These measures will accelerate the environmental strategy and achieve Toyota hybrid production to reach its global vehicle output 1 / 10 targets.

 

To catch up to Toyota, Nissan and NEC have started joint production of car batteries. Nissan and NEC will jointly cost 20000000000 yen (about $ 194 million) in the mass production of the first world of hybrid cars and electric vehicles and other environmentally dedicated lithium-ion batteries. The new joint venture plant in early 2009 formally put into operation, the initial production of lithium batteries will be able to provide 1 million hybrid electric vehicles use, future production will increase by five times. Nissan began in 1992 on board lithium-ion VGP-BPS9A/B battery research and development. 2000, the company co-operation with NEC to jointly develop lithium thin-ion battery technology. In May 2008, Nissan Motor and NEC and its subsidiaries NECTokin joint venture company - Automotive Energy Supply Corporation (AESC) began operations around the same time, Nissan and its French partner Renault to provide the lithium battery. 2 shots from 2010 in Japan and the U.S. market for electric cars.

Development of electric cars and hybrid vehicles in the automotive industry in energy shortages in the world and its changing lifestyle need to find a way out of your move. Europe and the United States on alternative fuel vehicles in the current development of new energy is different. Characteristics of the island of Japan geographical influence their consumption habits, has developed a new bus station and convenient charging for development for the city driving a small electric car for the entire national acceptance.

 

4 Conclusions

 

Currently includes the Toyota Prius hybrid cars, including the use of Ni - MH VGP-BPS13 battery, but the efficiency of the battery technology is regarded as having reached the limit, while the lithium-ion batteries due to have a low light weight, high capacity and high power and other advantages of being in North America, Europe and Asia, auto makers favor, is expected to field lithium-ion batteries will also gradually replace nickel - hydride batteries. Currently, the leading countries have a deposit of more than 20 lithium-ion battery research and development, while Toyota and Ford and other carmakers are clear that the future of its hybrid car will use lithium-ion rechargeable battery.

 

The future increase in demand for portable devices, and can be multi-processing task in recent years, the average consumer to use “small parts” of the market expansion will promote the growth of lithium batteries ion battery market, light electric vehicles and electric vehicles and other new applications are for the lithium-ion battery in the dynamic high growth industry and the car lithium-ion battery market next 5 to 7 years continue to grow. 2016 value of total production of lithium-ion battery market is expected to challenge 10 billion U.S. dollars, the lithium-ion batteries are also broad prospects for developing lithium-ion battery room huge industry electrolyte imagination.