Digital battery

 

4 parameters of battery management adjustment

 

Precisely because of the improved process described above, so that some changes in the characteristics of the VGP-BPS9/B VGP-BPS10 battery, if you are still using the traditional parameters of power management may be incompatible with the actual use of characteristics of the battery, affecting the battery life, difficult to achieve the requirements of battery life. Need to adjust the parameters of power management are:

 

1 floats voltage:

 

In general, supply default float voltage DC switching power supply is set to 2.23V / cell. As the acid, a general increase in density, float voltage should be increased accordingly. In specific adjustment, must be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer of the battery provides the parameter settings without the automatic temperature compensation must be adjusted according to the float voltage temperature. All uniform set or press the default power are inappropriate.

 

Start switching DC power plant, the float voltage is set by default, mostly 53.5V, due to battery acid increased density, the defect could not be better compensated float voltage independence of the battery discharge losses, leading to long term due to the capacity of the battery and use the loss of life. IBM ThinkPad R50 battery  IBM ThinkPad R51 battery

 

2, are the charging voltage:

 

The Charge of the value of the battery voltage must be in strict conformity with the parameters provided. In general, both charging voltage must be greater than 2.35V per cell, the higher the voltage, the positive plate of a large number of changes in oxygen, the oxygen evolving complex has increased rapidly, causing the battery heat, or even lead to a large number of dehydration or thermal runaway.

 

3, coefficient of temperature compensation:

 

There is temperature compensation, battery manufacturers should be provided by setting parameters. As the density of the acid, the battery performance of dehydration are the most sensitive. Air conservation efforts of the energy package being implemented, a general increase in temperature should, in particular to prevent the ambient temperature is high float voltage is too high. Dell Latitude D600 battery  Dell Latitude D610 battery 

 

4, the calendar every charge cycle:

 

The battery is fully self-repair to improve the discharge voltage are rechargeable, adding the battery to have an electrolysis unit “of water produces hydrogen and oxygen - hydrogen and heat oxygen combined, will not have to restore the acts of lead sulfate. As the oxygen rate AGM battery composed of 99% of all lead rechargeable batteries lose water, will shorten the life battery.

 

The consistency of the battery is good, the battery discharge is almost unique, a float current and the self-discharge current equal to the appropriate float voltage will probably make a battery life of monomer-off discharge, and for consistency with a good battery, it should be added from time to time have a charge cycle long, not even to have sufficient time to time. hp Pavilion dv2000 battery  hp Pavilion dv6000 battery

 

Large differences in individual cells (eg, the battery inside, or differences in the quality itself is great), self-rate differential between the discharge rate as well. Float time, self-discharge current of the battery cell to produce lead sulfate greater the need for early elimination. Are filled on a regular basis is an effective way to remove lead sulfate, both necessary to reduce the charge cycle regularly. After repeated after batteries are rechargeable, while behind the battery to be added, but many are charging the battery because of dehydration, scores of saturation, reduced the battery capacity decreases. Therefore, individual differences of a large package of batteries, battery performance, there is the trend line for the bad batteries to protect the poor without further deterioration of the battery is very important.

 

5, battery care optimized strategy

 

1, check the charging voltage

 

Check all float voltage, not only the module power control, the value displayed, but use the multimeter measures, because the voltage value displayed in a margin of error. In addition, thanks to remote monitoring means in the float voltage is generated when a warning exception, suggesting that the maintenance personnel to maintain real-time [6].

 

The PA3383U-1BRS PA3395U-1BRS battery for use may be due to the density of water loss Ershi acid. The voltage and acid density of the float, while the load voltage and acid density of the opening can not measure the battery voltage is similar to estimates of the actual battery acid, density, and thus whether the need to adjust the float voltage.

 

2, adjusting the depth of discharge

 

When more than 40% depth of discharge, α the apparent involvement of lead dioxide will respond to restore the lead dioxide became β. α reduction of lead dioxide, the positive plate to soften, the battery life will be shortened. Due to cost pressures, many battery manufacturers by improving the training process, reduced levels of lead dioxide α, it is necessary to strictly limit the number of deep discharge, usually not 100% DOD test discharge, and in due course after the blackout, so that the depth of battery discharge is below 40%.

 

3, the ability to correct configuration

 

Currently, the Commission routinely used high-capacity A1078 A1175 battery to provide enough electricity to support, after a long period. Compared to the high-capacity battery, the charging current is a small discharge current, the working time elapsed: the depth of battery discharge a small current. Small deep discharge current, α the loss of lead dioxide is more serious, much shorter battery life. Therefore, should not be a small horse drawn carts, the distribution capacity of the battery must be appropriate, maintenance measures, and when the power is better.

 

4, on a regular basis to check the battery

 

Monomer on a regular basis to monitor the battery voltage, the conductance (or impedance) balanced, as adjusted on a regular cycle are load balanced, the degree of balance on a regular basis are no longer the charge cycle.

 

6 Conclusion

 

Suppliers of equipment, the cost of improvements is an inevitable choice for battery manufacturers to cost-based process to explore a variety of ways to improve the performance impact of battery in the construction and maintenance communication systems of power, should consider these factors, preference for brands and switching DC power supply batteries, set custom settings for battery management, change the mode of traditional maintenance, maintenance and management with the refinement of lead acid batteries to extend the life cycle, improve operating efficiencies and maintenance capabilities. Aspire 3000 battery LCBTP03003

Lithium-ion batteries is a new type of battery, it does not contain lithium metal in the charge-discharge process, only the lithium-ion in the positive and negative exchanges between the campaigns, the electrode and electrolyte not participating in the reaction. Lithium-ion batteries for energy densities can reach 300Wh / L, the density of the payload can reach 125Wh / L.

 

1, Principles of batteries

Lithium-Ion batteries, with charges reaction mechanism of the discharge pipe, the lithium ions between positive and negative electrodes embedded in a prolapse, shuttle to and from the internal VGP-BPS10 battery without the presence of lithium metal, lithium-ion batteries more security and stability. The reaction scheme and the formula of basic reaction is:

 

2, construction of piers

The positive is LiCoO2 batteries and more conductive adhesives, coated aluminum foil to form the positive plate, the negative electrode is a conductive layer of graphite as well as agents and adhesive coatings based on copper particles Graphite is now more advanced layers were negative using nano-carbon.

 

The mechanism of above reaction, the positive use of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O2 which this is a structure of LiCoO2 layer forms very stable crystal, but when away from LiCoO2 XLI, its structure may change, but if change depends on the X size. Through research has found that when X> 0.5, where the structure of Li1-XCoO2 expressed in extremely unstable and collapse occurs paralysis crystal, its outdoor performances of the end for the batteries overwhelming. Therefore, as part of VGP-BPS9 batteries must be controlled by limiting the charging voltage Li1-XCoO2 the value of X, the general tariff, the voltage does not exceed 4.2 V when X is less than 0.5, XCoO2-li1 then the crystal is always stable. C6 has its negative characteristics of its own, when for the first time after the LiCoO2 cathode of Li is sufficient to negative C6, when the discharge Li returned to the LiCoO2 cathode, but must be followed in a part of Li C6 remained negative, the heart of ensuring that the next charge and discharge embedding normal Li batteries otherwise overwhelming very short to ensure that there are part of the Li remained negative C6 The general threshold voltage by limiting the discharge to achieve. Therefore, the safety of lithium rechargeable batteries, the maximum voltage ≤ 4 .2 V, discharge lower limit voltage ≥ 2.5V.

 

3, the battery safety

Batteries for safety and design, materials and control of production processes in the production process is closely related to other factors. In IBM ThinkPad R51 battery charging and discharge process, the positive electrode potential anode materials are in dynamic change, with the voltage higher load, the cathode material (LixCoO2) the upside potential, the anode material for the insertion of lithium (LixC6) potential first down, then the potential emergence of a long platform, when the charging voltage is too high (> 4.2V) or because the negative electrode material of the surface density over the surface density of cathode material (C / A ratio) is low, excess lithium anode material, the cathode potential down rapidly and so the precipitation of lithium metal (in Under normal circumstances, it will not be the precipitation of lithium), it will be the performance of batteries and safety is a major threat. Potential changes see below:

 

In the matter has been defined circumstances, C / A too large, it will appear above the results. Instead, C / A is too small, the capacity is low platform, low cycle characteristics of the poor. Thus, in the production and transformation of the way to ensure the design of a good C / A ratio has become a key production and processing. Therefore, production must be controlled on the following aspects:

 

1. Materials handling anode

1) The large and ultra-fine powder with a particle size necessary for a complete separation, avoiding overheating local electrochemical reaction resulting from a negative reaction, to improve Dell Inspiron 1150 battery safety.

2) increasing the surface porosity, which can increase capacity by more than 10%, while C / A rate unchanged, security increased dramatically. Treatment led to the surface of anode materials for better compatibility with the electrolyte, and promote the formation of SEI film and stabilization.

2. Pulping process control

A) Process of pulping using methods and advanced technology of special chemical reagents, so that positive and negative slurry surface tension between the groups minimized. Improve the compatibility between the different groups to prevent the material in the mixing process “Reunion” phenomenon.

2) The time-based coating materials and spray the gap should be controlled to 0.2 mm below the surface of such a plate covered with smooth without particles, dents, scratches and other defects.

3) The suspension should be stored for more than 6 hours, the viscosity of the slurry remained stable in the Territories, slurry polymerization in a group phenomenon. Grout to ensure uniform distribution of positive and negative electrodes on the uniformity of the substrate, thereby improving the consistency of batteries, security.

 

3. The most advanced equipment for manufacturing chips

1) a pole piece can ensure stability and consistency of quality has greatly improved the uniformity of the F2024B battery pole piece, reducing the likelihood of the emergence of hazardous batteries.

2) monolithic plate coating machine exceeds the value of error density must be less than ± 2%, length of the plate and the size of the gap error must be less than 2 mm.

3) The rolls of the press roller cone and radial runout shall not be greater than 4μm, to ensure consistency of thick plates. The equipment must be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust to prevent dust particles caused by the internal micro-batteries short-circuit, thus ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

4) cutting machine must be used as a knife-type cutting rolls cutting a continuous device, and cut the film is not quite there Yebian, burrs and other defects. The same device should be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust, ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

 

4. Advanced Sealing Technology

At home and abroad square lithium-ion VGP-BPS8A batteries are sealed laser (laser) welding sealing technology, which prohibits the use of YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser resonant cavity exposed to a source of bright light (usually the lamp nitrogen) to issue a bunch of inspired one frequency of light (λ = 1.06mm) was concentrated in an infinite number of refracted through the resonator, then concentrate on the Guidance cell alignment between the cylinder and the cover so that after the merger of affinity for one to reach the cover plate and the tube The objective of the merger sealing body. In order to achieve sealing welding, must contain the following elements:

1) It must be great energy, high frequency, focused performance monitoring and precision of the laser welding machine.

2) It must be applied to high precision laser welding of the shell and battery cover.

3) It must have a high degree of purity nitrogen uniform protection, especially aluminum batteries require high purity nitrogen, or aluminum surface will be difficult to produce molten Al2O3 (melting point 2400 ℃ ).

4) batteries and expansion control reasons

Lithium-ion batteries in the manufacture and use, there is often swelling of the phenomenon through the analysis and research are essentially two reasons:

Drowned in a lithium-ion led to changes in the thickness

Lithium rechargeable ion batteries where the anode from the cathode board prolapse, causing negative electrode layer spacing increases, but the swelling is, in general, the thicker apple iBook G4 14 inch battery, plus the amount of expansion.

 

2. Caused by the expansion process of poor control

During the manufacturing process, such as dispersion slurry, C / A than in discrete, temperature control directly affects the expansion of cells able batteries. Including water, because the rechargeable lithium formation of compounds with high carbon activity is very sensitive to water is a tug of chemical reactions. Gases produced by the reaction caused by the cell pressure is increased, an increase in the swelling behavior of batteries. Therefore, in production, in addition to dealing with the dehumidifier plate strict fluid injection in the process of dehumidification equipment should be used to ensure the dryness of the HR2% air, the dew point ( in the atmosphere of moist air due to temperature drop, so that the content of saturated water vapor began to condense when the temperature) is lower than -40 ℃. In very dry conditions, and taking fluids injected under vacuum, greatly reducing the chances of plates and electrolyte absorption.

5, aluminum and steel batteries comparison of the security

Aluminum over steel with high security benefits, the following is different from the pressure of the experience:

 

Note: The pressure is the pressure of batteries within the pressure (unit: kg), the data tables of a core electrical thickness (unit: mm) of steel can be considered to result internal pressure is very slow, while the internal pressure aluminum reaction was very acute. Therefore, from the thickness can be judged on the basis of battery internal pressure while the pressure of steel piles are often induced by the implicit hidden dangers. A steel model 063,448 batteries.

BYD F3DM launch the fastest dual mode electric vehicles present, except for a very small trial batches in Shenzhen, the market is still difficult to find their mark. There are various indications that the new Energy Line racing car technology, electric vehicles, China has become the new energy vehicle development, the main direction.

 

Electric vehicles in emerging strategic industries

 

Last Tuesday, workers issued by the Ministry of the fifth letter of energy conservation and new projects to demonstrate energy vehicles to promote the use of the VGP-BPS10 repertoire list of recommended models. In the list directory recommended, Sunwin Shanghai, Jiangsu, often long and Liuzhou Wuling three cases of three electric vehicles, so impressive.

 

In fact, since the first catalog of first car lots issued 193 energy saving projects and new demonstration vehicle to promote the energy use of models has been recommended to date, the Ministry of the letter published in five batches 46, all kinds of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles accounted for 28 models, not only more than all other technologies combined routes of new energy vehicles, but manufacturers are involved in Dongfeng, Chang’an, Chery BYD, Hafei, almost 20.

 

In addition, electric vehicles, and more recently “promoted” as a “new energy, energy saving environmental protection, electric cars, new materials, new medicines, bio-farming and industries of the information, “the seven new strategic industries” Seven “and one, all types of sufficient showing that countries have electric cars rather than VGP-BPS9/S technical in line with other new energy vehicles, like the future of strategic industries the country.

 

Previously, over a month, U.S. President Barack Obama during his visit, the electric car is also included in the release of the two heads of state signed the “Sino-US Joint Statement.”

 

The manufacturers of electric cars boom lifting force Qi

 

Policies to promote electric cars face a “wind” blowing hit, but at the enterprise level, electric cars feeding fat, “Thunder disaster” also rings frequently.

 

Last Thursday, the Shanghai Automotive and the United States A 123 Systems Inc. jointly announced that both sides of the shares in accordance with 51:49 ratio, the establishment of Shanghai Czech Republic, New Power Battery Systems Co. , Ltd. to jointly develop, manufacture and sale system vehicle battery power. As battery technology lithium iron phosphate in a corporation listed on NASDAQ in the foreground, A 123 now has a world-renowned large scale lithium-ion battery systems and batteries capacity. The industry generally believe that Shanghai Automotive and the A 123 of the cooperation will help achieve a new energy vehicles, Shanghai Automotive Industry Development Strategy and the key components in the battery system on the industrial development of the formation of ‘breakthrough.

 

At the same time, the reporter learned Hafei Motor, the company produced high-speed electric cars has been Saibao “Zheng Zhunsheng ‘official entry into the national high-speed production of electric vehicles directory. Hafei vehicle related sources, which can be vehicles of industrial production will soon be the first to enter the scope of government procurement in China.

 

In addition, the annual production capacity of pure electric vehicles in the 10000 Air Car power project was installed in Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical port. The project with Anhui, Chongqing, Henan, Guizhou and other places a number of car manufacturers have signed a long term cooperation agreement framework, and on this basis, the domestic VGP-BPS9A/B automakers and large-scale cooperation production of pure electric vehicles, a project is completed in 2012, the project can produce a pure electric car 10000.

 

Combining the previous mode double F3D M BYD E6 Electric Car, electric cars Chery S18, Beiqi “Beijing” BE701 mark Pure electric cars coming and Shanghai Automotive buses and electric cars, electric vehicles off the Unit, has been a marked increase in coverage other technical line of new energy vehicles. Fearing that the plane manufacturers in the optical current electric vehicles in terms of production and sales, the future of new energy vehicles will account for more than half.

 

Electric Vehicles Take-Sheung sandaokan “off”

 

However, despite the heat wave of electric vehicles, but the country does not dare to promise a company at a given time, will definitely launch its own electric vehicles. F3D M BYD dual-mode electric vehicles, announced the end of this year on the market, but outside of a very small trial batches in Shenzhen, the market is difficult to find the trail; Chery S18 also complained of be available this year, but understanding, the car during the year’s announcement was completely “Moxi”! Chery and Changan Electric Vehicle R & D-related person said that currently limit the development of the domestic electric car, there are three main factors: one is produced electric vehicle itself, one is its cost, it is one is its use of infrastructure.

 

It is understood that the basic technology of electric vehicles include four, namely, sony VGP-BPS2 battery technology, motor and control technology, vehicle technology and techniques of electrical energy management. In China, despite BYD, SAIC, Chery, Chang’an and so a few years ago began research on electric vehicles and development, and each has made great progress in the fields. However, the current situation, several major companies developing electric cars are still in some respects, there are advantages but there are other aspects of the situation in the short board. BYD battery technologies as well, but the technology of electric vehicles, but not obvious, Shanghai motor vehicle technology and energy management, it has been more advantages, but its battery for another great challenge.

 

The cost of electric vehicles from the point of view, as the generation of new products, its sales volume after industrialization can not be expected, many manufacturers have expressed their stakeholders, the market for electric cars for at least same platform as the price of traditional gasoline engine of the car 50% higher over. In fact, BYD F3D M nearly 15 million market value point of view, the least expensive compared to F3, a full price of more than 9 million yuan, this situation will undoubtedly limit the speed of vehicles electric market. In China, despite Chongqing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hangzhou and other cities have increased to subsidize the use of new energy vehicles, but the VGP-BPS9A specific pairs of electric vehicles on how the subsidies are not an explicit statement to date.

 

Infrastructure for the use of electric vehicles is another cost. Based on the characteristics of electric vehicles, how to ensure the load quickly and easily to maintain the range of travel of electric vehicles, electric vehicles will obviously become a limiting factor in the development of a key. Now, look you require vehicle electrical training environments has a perfect network of charging stations, automakers and utilities rely solely on efforts are clearly inadequate. Even if he had confidence in the future for electric cars Nissan CEO Luo Card If Geen also pointed out that “electric cars have a bright future, but if the government does not join the perfect electric car charging stations, such as ranks of the construction of electricity infrastructure Automotive future will be more trouble!