Digital battery

1 Introduction

 

The supply current lithium Sony VGP-BPS2B Sony VGP-BPS2C battery supply system development the main question is: After the battery in a group of security and life has decreased significantly, and even the fire of the battery frequent explosions and other serious accidents. The main reason contributing to this problem lies in battery technology Lithium Power Group, the study group applied technology and equipment, delays in development, to secure the integration of power lithium battery system to provide users of technology of lithium batteries integration of systems and products to solve the current problem and to promote the development of the power of lithium important subject.

 

Currently, the only battery power lithium has been basically have the extension and application conditions, but the technology of existing group, the group applied technology and equipment levels are not yet ripe. In other words, only lithium battery basically resolved the issues of security and life, and promotes the development of the power of lithium, the key is the cell technology, the technology group and BMS. Inspiron 6000 battery Inspiron 9300 battery

 

Determine the quality of individual cells in a group of post-quality battery power. In applications of battery power, the consistency of single-cell performance is particularly important given the current level of process control single manufacturing cell, through the battery produced in accordance with its actual performance filter, group, assembly is a realistic way. Currently, implementation of screening in industrial production, gathering method is based on the battery post in a small number of static parameters, with the group on drums, with the set control standard determines the distribution group completed the battery when the battery status of the single line of each sex. In the battery pack in use, the group differences in each state of the single battery battery appear gradually. Battery Management System (BMS) battery using process management, battery status in every single cell to adapt to a certain extent, you can keep the battery status in each cell of the unique coherence in order to avoid differences in the state cells caused by the accelerated deterioration of battery performance. The development needs of lithium batteries to raise the level of control of production process, the Panel selection of drums and distribution methods and systems for effective KD476 TD347 battery management and promote jointly.

 

2 lithium batteries power the concept of security and life

 

2.1 The root causes of insecurity in the battery

 

When the battery is part of the deviation occurs, as when the internal short circuit, discharge, high current overload, it will generate much heat, causing the battery to the system increases the temperature. When the battery system and achieve a higher temperature, resulting in a series of side effects, so the battery produces heat damage due to battery electrolyte flammable liquid, so the worst case, the battery would catch fire [1].

 

In the case of non-normal use (such as overhead), lithium battery anode ion is likely to surface, the electron precipitation as lithium metal, and gradually assembled in a lithium dendrite perforated diaphragm, Connectivity is negative, causing the battery internal micro-short. Lithium-ion batteries used in high compression, high-boiling point organic electrolyte. In the short-circuit, overload, high temperature and not the other-the conditions of normal use, the lithium-ion battery internal temperature increases, the electrolyte may be decomposed into a number of gas will be generated within the waterproof case for relatively high pressure. Once this pressure great enough to break the casing of the battery, rupture occurs, and even lead to combustion or explosion [2]. A1175 MacBook Pro 15 inch battery

 

High power load and discharge the large capacity lithium-powered batteries in the harsh conditions of use of part of the battery easier to induce deviations occur, giving rise to questions security.

 

2.2 Battery Management System (BMS) the important role of

 

Battery Li-ion power ideal for high performance, consistency, as long as the use of the filling process, however, well placed, there is no security problem, but the reality is that the plant quality mobile phone battery in full conformity with the standards, but should use an incident of explosion, Pack laptop battery is also continuing fire, explosions, and product recalls reported. Of life resulting from the battery until the end of recovery, there are security issues, even at the plant in full compliance with international safety standards in the course of evolution of the state of Security in a state of insecurity and of good quality, single cell performance to reach the lifetime limit of gradual decline, poor quality of the single cell, as part of its performance will start to appear and a variety of abnormal deterioration recession, worried about the insecurity of the state to enter. It is a gradual process of incremental changes. The battery management system is that unlike some battery manufacturers as a luxury but a must have, but also applied consistently throughout the battery. Applications of the battery management system at home and abroad have been many studies and start in many areas have been able to meet the needs of specific markets, applications, power lithium battery for the system of advanced battery management requirements more stringent to ensure the safe use of battery power, battery power lithium-management system the primary task. Satellite A80 battery Satellite M100 battery

 

3 Battery Management Systems

 

A typical battery charge balance system management, its methods of work is to connect a battery good set of charges at the same time, each battery of simple tests in the battery voltage terminal when a single voltage battery terminal is high, individual cells in parallel with the balance of the circuit for the diversion battery, reduce speed single battery charge and the rate of terminal voltage increases, so that the only voltage battery terminal tends to a balanced line, thereby to avoid the standard battery charge of each single battery and discharge characteristics differences affect battery life. As the shunt charging the battery in parallel with the monomer part of the pricing of energy consumption of a balanced circuit, fever balanced circuit, a balanced circuit balanced the limited capacity. For high capacity, high power, high current load, the remaining balance of the capacity of the circuit can respond to real needs.

 

In the last part of the life of the battery, battery performance, the gradual internal deterioration, under the old ceiling value of rejection and constant current charge-discharge or recharge values occur in May excessive discharge, more responsible, leading to a further deterioration of the battery internal resistance and other parameters, charge and discharge process of the battery will be seriously hot, the existing BMS, but it can monitor the battery temperature increases heat anomaly of the external load or discharge path, but this time the battery is already in a state of insecurity, to cut the access road can not prevent the cell from the electrochemical reaction process except the battery continues to warm, and even a risk of explosion still exists. Anomalies of temperature increases in the farm, suddenly cut the path of discharge for the equipment require continuous power supply, such as electric vehicles, in May, the device to perform the security issues. Tecra A4 battery Tecra A5 battery

 

4 based on measuring the internal resistance and state of the battery system management more

 

Studies have shown that with the battery charge - discharge cycles increases, reduced battery capacity, increases the internal resistance of the battery, the battery performance degradation and eventually internal failure complete process is a gradual and cumulative, inconsistencies in the group will accelerate the battery in the battery state of insecurity.

 

This paper presents a comparison of the measurement of internal resistance and the management system of the state of the battery, as shown in Figure 1, to control the heart of microcontroller, pre-stored in the memory of every single voltage battery terminal under different resistance values of the initial value and the error allowed the charging process of each single cell in different sections of the voltage rate of rise of tension terminal and the error allow the value of the cumulative value of the load, the load voltage, the discharge voltage range, charging cut-off voltage, the discharge cut-off voltage, battery temperature, the range load current value and perception of current error to allow the value of discharge current to protect the value of a balanced starting voltage, the value of parameters such as voltage unbalance. Charging and discharging process of loading and unloading process of testing various parameters of each charging process before the process of billing and charging after the battery to measure and record every single potential terminal battery terminal voltage rising rate the load current, load volume and internal resistance of the battery, and with measured and recorded before the charging parameters to compare, analyze the amount of battery charge and battery only internal resistance, the voltage of terminal voltage terminals to increase the rate of volume change to determine the battery internal process performance and the extent of deterioration to the failure of the battery and can be an early warning of security problems. The charge and discharge process for the implementation of expense controls and protection of termination of discharge voltage, temperature protection, protection against overcurrent, while the charging process by the cell voltage below represent the monomer flow balanced approach so that the series voltage at the battery terminals of each cell line alone, in order to avoid the state of each cell only difference battery life impact. Sony VGP-BPS10A Sony VGP-BPS10A/B

 

The system of 10 batteries 20Ah in test series, using 5A load at constant current 2A represent a balanced circulation system form a balanced flow of the effect is very obvious that no additional heat, but also to facilitate the ‘energy saving control.

 

Many factors affect the resistance to change, especially the resistance of the internal battery within the whole life cycle variation of the study requires a lot of experiments, the experimental program under way, including the rejection a stack of a simulated operating conditions throughout the life of the testing process.

 

5 Conclusion

 

Before each charge, during and after the load sensing and recording the process of collecting the amount of battery voltage, current, resistance, battery temperature, charging time and other parameters to calculate the amount of each parameter change and changes in rates and with the original presets to compare accurately to assess the ongoing performance of the battery, the size of the warning of possible security problems when using battery Rechargeable batteries provide high security protection. With electric vehicles, for example, even if there is warning battery safety, the driver has at least a few days of free time to deal with maintenance, rather than forced to disconnect immediately.

 

The process of charging the lower voltage batteries make up the monomer flow equalization charge, reducing the difference between the status of each single battery to improve battery life, while avoiding the burden of balancing the balance of the circuit During the heating problem significantly improve the ability to balance, high capacity, high power applications the battery has a significant effect. Inspiron 640m battery Inspiron E1405 battery

 

A complete record of the process of charging the battery charging process for each volume, voltage, current, resistance, battery temperature, charging time and other parameters, which records the rechargeable electrical parameters of the life cycle process of change for Battery Failure Analysis Group provides a database.

Sony Battery is a “consumable”, the degree of damage depends on the Sony VGP-BPS8 Sony VGP-BPS8A battery when you use the battery to the correctness of the operation, the mode of operation, the operating frequency, the temperature of the working environment, time storage (for batteries not used), etc. Factor.

 

1. The battery charge and discharge rate is directly related to battery life, in general, the number of battery charge and discharge lithium of about only 400 ~ 600 times, an improved product, but no 800 times, each time the battery on the end use of a step forward. (When the power of 85% or less of the battery will be recorded and increase the number of times on a single charge.)

 

To this end, when the battery voltage exceeds the battery management process highlighted departure 96% charge, and your current place where there is 220V AC, they should make full use of alternating current to minimize number of recharging the battery to extend the life of the battery.

 

At this stage the battery is not necessary to remove the device because it will not start more than 96% of electricity to recharge the battery. But even so, if you use a long-term supply and rarely used the battery, it is recommended, or remove the battery from the machine to compare well, because the long duration of heat generated when the mobile RN873 GW240 battery will cause some damage. It should be noted that in such cases, once the AC-powered power outages, you have not saved data will facilitate the absence of cell loss, it was a failure, the user must carefully weigh.

 

2. When power is 3 ~ 5%, it must be current to charge the battery or the battery self-discharge phenomenon causes an excessive discharge and damage to the battery, loading the machine and may be arrested suspend any other state, may also be used during charging while.

 

Pricing must be complete, otherwise it will damage the battery. This is based on the reduced sufficiently to avoid an increase in the number of cycles of charge cycles and shorten battery life, rather than due to “memory function” issue, lithium batteries, unlike nickel -cadmium batteries and nickel-hydride batteries have metal “memory characteristics, lithium batteries have no memory” characteristics. ”

 

If the loading machine shutdown or hibernation, when the load to 3 ~ 4 hours after the state indicators are Green Power beats no more, time has reached a capacity of 100 per cent, it is appropriate withdrawal the AC power plug to prevent the battery charging higher damage the battery. A1045 PowerBook G4 15 battery

 

If the machine is idle load, blocking or side with the state of charge time, then when the load to 3 ~ 4 hours after the state indicators are Green Power beats no more, the battery automatically exit the charge state.

 

Charging process to make a fast loading, when the yellow light power status indicator light (Chang-liang), filled to a certain a certain value in the trickle charge current is slow, when the light condition of power blinks green, the color becomes, was filled with 100%, after it turns green (Chang-liang) of. Charging process of lithium is the constant pressure approach, and began charging voltage which will soon stabilize, while the current becomes smaller and smaller.

 

3. Power is not fully discharged before (eg electricity at 5 ~ 100%), to recharge the battery, otherwise they will reduce the load to increase with the number of cycles of charge cycles and shorten the battery life.

 

When power is 5 ~ 95% battery must be used, so the use of AC Power Adapter will charge the battery (charging state side by side). Satellite A80 battery Satellite M100 battery

 

4. When the power is 96 ~ 100% and the battery removed from the machine can use the AC adapter on, use the AC Power Adapter AC when you please put the DC output plug on the plug into the machine, then plug AC power plug on 220V ~ socket; deleted when the adapter should be first, then unplug the power cord from the machine, unplug the AC adapter DC output device. Otherwise, they could damage your equipment.

 

Using the AC power adapter when the AC power socket to plug it into 220V ~ socket, while the indicator for power status on the machine yet, gave the first (Note : During this period of approximately 5 seconds long), please press the power button to turn, stop or enter sleep, in addition to the fires of green power status indicators have been extinguished all other things, make timely 220V ~ unplugging the power outlet socket (not later than 5 seconds), AC power plug pulled out after about 5 seconds, Green Power status indicator light turns off, otherwise the battery will overcharge and damage the battery. Blocked state due to power adapter is still non-discharge state, the procedures for system power management and chip power management for battery inside the interface circuit composed of 5 seconds some will be automatically transferred to the “off state of charge, and charge the batteries. (If necessary, may, from time to unplug the machine output plug of the AC Power Adapter DC, this time, the battery is discharged through the AC adapter around.) FRU 92P1141 40Y6799

 

If the suspension of work to wait for the machine to enter, or suspend state, no 220V ~ socket disconnect the power cord so when the machines still have the power to maintain. (Not recommended for some time to make the machine enters a wait or suspend the state to take care of your machine.)

 

5. IBM indicators of ThinkPad notebooks information technology have emphasized the “battery” are the manufacturers are measured under conditions specific to the indicator used in our normal phones can not be achieved under the conditions of, for example: information technology-related indicators have shown the “battery” for 4 hours, we can not get the normal of about 3.5 hours of battery power. If the difference is very far and is still under warranty, contact IBM frisky.

 

Maintenance and storage

 

1. If the battery is a long time (several months) are not, we should start the machine remove the saved backup. Recommended that every once and a half or two times the discharge of the battery and the charge order to improve the condition of your battery to increase battery capacity. hp Pavilion dv8000 battery  hp Pavilion dv4 battery

 

2. If the battery is not a long time, it should be set at 30 ~ 50% in equities, it is recommended to charge the battery about once a year, and its capacity is 30 ~ 50%, to prevent excessive discharge and damage to the battery. The battery is 30 ~ 50% of the specific method of operation: When the battery is above 50%, we can turn the power at 30 ~ 50%. If the power consumption of less than 30% when the power first start at 3%, then recharge to 100% and then turn 30 ~ 50% energy can be.

 

3. Do not put the battery temperature and a cold environment, the battery performance is temporarily reduced. Must be in standby mode to save battery power and storage of the State placed in places of lower temperature for the battery, the best temperature range is about 10 ~ 20 degrees Celsius.

 

Load start value is set, the system tray, click the plug (when you start using AC), or a large battery icon white (when you use the battery during startup) / select Improve Battery Health / edit pricing below when the Start value. TravelMate 290 battery BATBL50L6

 

Do not prolong the charge cycle deliberately use substantially changed the management programs charging battery, a starting value, because when you load a low start value set (eg 80%), but with the battery using the AC adapter “charge with the” cycle may take up to three or four months, but if the battery when its use is required to have to deal with their re-activate, otherwise the state of the battery capacity of the poor. It’s actually increased the number of charge cycles and shorten battery life. In addition, the battery every month and a half or so in need of a landfill and order load, which is due to receive a low starting value (eg 80%) after extended charging cycles will be more obvious with the direction.

 

After the battery is fully charged, because the phenomenon of self-discharge capacity fell to 96% usually last about 50 days, while the battery every month and a half or so just need a landfill and load order, it is clear to us from IBM pre-charge starting value of 96% is not unreasonable. However, with aging batteries, the battery is fully charged after the phenomenon of self-discharge of electricity due to fall to 96% of the time may be shortened, this time we need to pay a little more low starting value, so the only time in a month and a half about. A1021 M7332

 

If you often need to live in the office and equipment, between the “two cities” campaign to curb the office with the power adapter supply, while the unit cell site operation, it is recommended that you charge a starting value is set at 6%; This will reduce the load to avoid increasing the number of charge cycles with shortened life cycles of the battery, and will not affect the care of the battery when the laptop movable point.

 

Please note that the issues addressed in the text is limited to IBM ThinkPad notebooks, other brands of machines this article for reference only, since the machines of different brand, its system of power management and control procedures and management of the battery of the battery monitoring programs are not the same rules. GD761 KD476