Digital battery

1. Battery invention inspired by frog legs

 

“Green” has become the most popular vocabulary. Environmental protection is at the heart of “new energy”, while the core of the new energy is the battery. Recently, the “2009 Electric Vehicle Industry Development Forum held in Beijing, the technology of pure electric vehicle Laptop battery that the meeting focused. In fact, pure electric vehicles used in battery, all power battery capacity of the largest categories, but also the highest technical difficulty of a battery. His ancestors there are over 200 years, has already emerged. Over 200 years of development history, they were in the work “hard”.

 

The birth of the battery based on people’s access to stable and sustained for present needs. However, the invention of the stack is derived from the anatomy of a frog’s experience generated by inspiration, a bit accidental.

 

Portrait of the Italian anatomist Luigi Galvani, because the anatomy of the frog, when he discovered the “bio-power” and famous, please note that the lower part of this portrait of a half-frog

 

One day in 1780, the Italian anatomist Luigi Galvani (Luigi Galvani) do dissections of frogs, hands held VGP-BPS10A/B all kinds of metallic equipment, inadvertently touched the thigh of the frog at the same time, the contraction muscles of frog legs at once a moment, as the stimulatory effect, and if only a metal instrument to touch the frogs, the absence of such a reaction. Galvani believed that this phenomenon occurs because the body of the animal a sort of internal generation of electricity, which he called “biopower”.

 

Galvani’s discovery aroused great interest to physicists who contributed to repeat the experiment of Galvani, an attempt to find a way to generate electricity. The volt Italian physicist (Alessandro Volta) several times after the experiment are: Galvani “biological electricity” is not correct, the frog muscle was able to produce current, probably a kind of fluid in the muscle car effect.

 

To demonstrate their point of view, the voltage at two different types of metal immersed in a variety of test solution. The results showed that the film of two metals, as there is a place with the solution of the chemical reaction between the metal can generate electricity.

 

1799 volts in a zinc plate and silver plate immersed in salt water was found to connect two metal son have accounts through. He therefore asked a number of zinc and silver film between the pads of cloth or paper soaked in salt water dishes stacked together, hand-to-end, he feels a strong current stimulus. Volts using this method successfully in the world’s first Dell Latitude D620 battery“heap of volts of electricity.” This “V Battery” is actually a series of batteries.

 

In fact, while there are two kinds of metals immersed in a solution, it may produce galvanic action. Had received surgery metal fragments found friends, with the tongue licking the metal fittings, you will feel “Ma Ma” feeling, because a variety of metals used in the lining had a battery.

 

1836-Brittany Daniel on the V stack “had improved, but better after another battery burner” and “Grove cell” and so escape. However, at the time, regardless of the type of batteries are needed to fill the liquid between two metal plates, handling is very convenient, especially the battery is used in liquid sulfuric acid, in time movement is very dangerous.

 

2 Evolution: From “portable” for reuse

 

The initiator of dry batteries in the age of mid-19th was born. In 1860, Leikelanshi France (Georges Leclanché) invented the carbon zinc batteries, which are easier to manufacture, and the initial wet water-based electrolytes progressive disorder with sticky dough type similarly to replace and, when they are packed in containers, “dry” sexual toshiba PA3191U-3BRS battery took place.

 

Invention Leikelanshi dryland

 

In 1887, the British Hellesen (Wilhelm Hellesen) invented the first dry. Compared to liquid batteries, the battery electrolyte is a paste, will not spill, easy to carry, so access to a wide range of applications.

 

Today, the dry cell has developed into a large family of over 100 different species. Common ordinary zinc - manganese dry batteries, alkaline zinc - manganese dry batteries, magnesium - manganese dry battery and so on, but the first invention, carbon zinc batteries is still the largest production of the modern dry cell. Battery technology continues to evolve in the process, new problems have emerged. It was found that despite the dry easy to use, inexpensive, disposable waste, but can not be reused. In addition, due to the metal as raw material easily lead to waste of raw materials, waste batteries can also cause environmental pollution. As a result, may be repeated charge discharge cycles, the repeated use of the hp Pavilion dv4 battery in a new direction.

 

In fact, the batteries can also be traced to the first invention of 1860. This year, the French plant (Gaston Plante) invented a battery electrode lead. This battery is unique in a period of time where the voltage drop of the battery, you can switch to reverse current, so that the battery voltage is picked up. Because the battery can be charged and can be used repeatedly, so called “battery.”

 

In 1890, Edison invented the iron-nickel rechargeable batteries, rechargeable 1910, commercial production of iron and nickel batteries. Today, more and more types of rechargeable batteries is rich in the form of increasingly diverse, the oldest of lead acid batteries, a battery of lead crystal, the iron-nickel batteries, and that silver zinc batteries, developed for lead-acid batteries, solar cells and lithium batteries, etc.. In the meantime, more and more areas of application of batteries, capacitors increases, the performance more stable pricing more practical.

 

3 Status: New power surge

 

The story can be seen from the foregoing, the entire history of the toshiba PA3284U-1BRS battery can also be considered a “try all kinds of metal can be made batteries” of history. Now the redder metal, industry cell is “Lithium.” Lithium is the lightest of all metals inside, is also lighter than water, especially moving, need to preserve the wax inside. In fact, the original inventor Thomas Edison once had lithium batteries, but due to the chemical properties of lithium metal is very strong, which makes the lithium metal processing, storage, use a very high requirement on the environment, such as along-term lithium batteries have not been implemented. Now people on the drums, “desperate for,” these questions is not a problem. Discharge exactly the weight of lithium batteries energy is high and tension is high, the self is small, can be stored long, so it is during the last 30 years has achieved great development. We use computers, calculators, cameras, watches, batteries are lithium batteries.

 

Li-ion battery that is after the battery voltage at no charge. This battery can be charged, but the cycle performance is not good in the charge-discharge cycle over the formation of lithium dendrites, causing internal short-circuit the BATCL50L battery, under normal circumstances the battery Management is prohibited. Later, Sony invented materials such as carbon anode, lithium-containing compounds to make positive, the charge-discharge process, there is no lithium metal and lithium-ion does, which is lithium-ion battery.

 

The advantages of lithium-ion batteries is very clear: a high voltage, small size, light weight, high energy, no memory effect, no pollution, low self-discharge, the long life cycle, as the most suitable for battery electric vehicles as one. Lithium-ion batteries, lithium-ion electrodes ran between positive and negative charge and discharge. Most cattle in this area of technology is “the structure of cell layers, that is, for many of assault layers very thin and then stacked together, so can be a very small volume of ‘a very high efficiency.

 

To improve ease of use, but the current number of electric cars, lithium can be used ordinary family of voltage-dependent, but the loading time up to several hours. To promote cars lithium battery large scale, the creation of the corresponding fully loaded station is essential. However, in March this year, Japanese researchers have developed a new type of “Lithium - air” batteries free of charge, just replace the water in the cathode-electrolyte function through the area of the map etc. to replace the lithium metal anode can be used continuously. In other words, charging facilities, adding things like a “filling station” rather than a big lock “battery charging station.”

 

In addition to the battery, people now want out of a variety of ways for storing electrical energy of the vehicle, for example, some have thought that with the speed flywheel for energy storage Qikuai. But the flywheel, once broken, it becomes a bomb, I did not Kaopu. Now the main research is to use the battery. In addition to lithium-ion batteries, there is a battery cell is promising “fuel”, which is a way to exist in the fuel and oxidant chemical energy directly into electricity plant. Fuel and air were sent to the fuel cell, electricity was produced well. One of the most convenient is to use hydrogen or hydrogen rich fuel gas containing the fuel cell.

 

The battery was born 200 years and they continue to move forward. Past and present the objectives of the battery has not changed: people everywhere to enjoy the electricity of a big favor.