Digital battery

Li-maintenance errors ion battery doubts

 

Notebook battery is something more important, its status is directly linked to a mobile environment in the absence of power in the ability to work. Batteries for laptops is also a major consumer of parts so related to the maintenance notebook battery and wise use are also frequently discussed topic. However, some users maintain some of the understanding is wrong, the following should do something to explain. apple iBook G4 12 inch battery  apple iBook G4 14 inch battery

 

Nickel-metal hydride batteries are now equipped models have basically will not see, the universal application of a lithium-ion batteries. General lithium-ion battery cycle life of 300 to 500 charge-discharge. But this does not mean it can only rarely use the extended life battery. Cells of origin as factors in the physical work environment can influence, but the main reason leading to the loss of cells caused by oxidation of the battery internal resistance increases, which explains why Many users complain that they are fully recharged in use why suddenly had no electricity. It may therefore be understood that the problem is that when the end of the assembly of the battery production line, its internal life, the clock, then start walking, even if you do not set aside the battery, it can be to a certain extent, the loss rate of only delaying the battery. However, in other words, if the battery still sits on the side of the meaning of laptops mobile speak?

 

Material for lithium-ion battery cathode is generally formed by a lithium-active compounds, the negative electrode is a particular molecular structure of carbon. Common Cathode Material for key elements of LiCoO2, charging, added to the PA3285U-3BRS PA3383U-1BRS battery positive pole of electric potential to force the release of compounds, the lithium ions, incorporate negative elements arranged in a lamellar structure of carbon. Discharge, lithium-ion lamellar structure of carbon precipitation and re-cathode combination of compounds. Lithium-ion movement generated a current. Although the principle of chemical reaction is very simple, but in actual industrial production, the practical problems must be considered much more: the cathode material additives required to maintain multiple load-discharge activity, the electrode material If not, who should design the molecular structure of the class to accommodate more lithium-ion battery; fill in the electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes, in addition to maintaining stability, but also need to have good electrical conductivity, reducing the resistance of the internal battery.

 

Although lithium-ion batteries for low-nickel cadmium battery memory effect, the memory effect of this principle is that the crystallization in lithium batteries will have little reaction. However, the capacity of lithium-ion battery charge after repeated discharge will continue to decline, its causes are complex and diverse. Is mainly positive and negative changes in the material itself, from the molecular level, the positive and negative electrodes of lithium ions on the hole to accommodate the structure will gradually collapse, taken from a chemical standpoint, is the material anode active is passive, there is another side to form a stable compound. Physics will appear on the cathode material to fall off gradually, etc., in short, which ultimately reduces the 346970-001 367759-001 battery charge-discharge process can be free to move many lithium ions.

 

Overload and excessive discharge, lithium-ion batteries will be positive and negative cause permanent damage, from the molecular level of intuitive understanding, an excessive discharge of carbon anode will lead to excessive release of lithium-ion shows the lamellar structure collapsed, over - Rechargeable lithium-ion battery will go too hard in the carbon negative, causing some of the lithium-ion batteries can not be released. Therefore, the lithium-ion batteries are usually equipped with charge-control circuit discharge.

 

Not suitable for temperature, lead to lithium-ion battery inside the reaction of other chemicals that we do not want to see both of the lithium-ion batteries are put in place between the negative temperature-controlled protection by a diaphragm or electrolyte additives. In the battery temperature in a given case, the composite membrane electrolyte membrane hole closed or degeneration, increased resistance of the internal battery until the circuit, the battery is no longer to warm up to ensure that the battery charging temperature is normal. Dell Inspiron 1521 battery  Dell Inspiron 1525 battery

 

And loads of deep-discharge lithium-ion batteries can improve the real capacity? According to experts, the answer he did not make sense. Experts say that even the so-called triple full charge-discharge prior to use of “activation” in their knowledge of Mr. Lane does not include this as a need. Why do people provided, however, after the charge deep-discharge capacity of the battery information label will be possible where a change? Will be mentioned later.

 

Notebook Computer lithium-ion batteries are generally the management of the chip and chip load control. What chip running a series of records, there is capacity, temperature, identity, charge state, the values of firing rate. These values are in use will gradually change. Personally believe that the instructions for use in notebooks in the “Use a month should post a full load” approach to a role is now to set those records where the wrong values, making the burden of Battery control and the nominal capacity of the battery match the real situation.

 

Responsible for controlling the main control chip, the battery charging process. Lithium-ion battery charging process is divided into two phases, phase constant current fast charge (when the LED on the battery in yellow) and constant voltage stage down (the battery indicator blinks green. Constant current phase of rapid charging, the battery voltage is gradually increased voltage standard battery, and then transferred to constant pressure in the control phase of the next chip, the voltage does not increase to ensure that no overload, battery current, with the rising gradually weakened to 0, and the ultimate end load. IBM ThinkPad T41 battery  IBM ThinkPad T42 battery

 

Statistics smart energy consumption by recording the discharge curve (voltage, current, time) can calculate the battery power of the sample is what we read in the battery information inside World Heritage. Worth. The lithium-ion batteries in repeated use, the discharge curve will change if the chip has not been an opportunity once again read out a complete discharge curve, which is calculated from the electricity that is not true. Therefore, the need to support deep discharge to calibrate the battery chips.

 

A good battery maintenance is required, so many people have asked how to protect a battery but it will not be early retirement for life on this problem. As the battery life is primarily determined by the number of charge cycles in order to avoid frequent use of the battery can be said that one of the most fundamental way, that uses the power of the environment as far as possible does not use batteries.

 

This leads to a question, that is, if energy use when the battery removed from the machine, it is indeed a problem that people in the head. However, the condition of high load and high temperature accelerated the decline in battery capacity. I now invite all imagine that if you do not remove the battery, the laptop because of the role of the charging protection circuit, so that the battery is maintained at 95-100% of the charge state to a high when the battery in which the temperature at least 30 ° C, so if it is hot, the temperature will be higher, so the stability of the supply alternating current, we should try to remove the battery to the using computers. If you are planning a long period does not use batteries, charge the battery to 40% should be placed in a cool place after the save. If the battery is fully charged, will be placed at high temperatures, so that the battery will cause damage. Because load of 100% within 60 ° C environmental conservation, 3 months after the battery capacity has dropped by 40%. Set aside for the preservation of the battery should be at least one month will be used once the battery Zhuangshang Qu, recharged to prevent the loss of activity of the ion. LCBTP03003  Aspire 3000 battery

 

Similarly, dust and moisture also acts as a battery killer role, they will destroy the circuit of the battery and accelerate the oxidation of the internal battery, so for those of long-term preservation of the battery You can place a layer of thin sheets of low-grade dust and breach of the humidity.

 

In addition, lithium batteries how reasonable prices and dump? As lithium-ion battery that can power a small memory effect is negligible, so it loads half of the injury is not too great, and his fear most is the excessive discharge (full discharge). Lithium-ion batteries often the result of low flow excessive battery can be left in advance, such as bios discharge, discharge procedures, and even connected to the discharge bulb is the best way to do see no alternative but to not try. So, for lithium-ion batteries need not wait until the charging 0%.

 

To summarize, the maintenance of the battery are a few suggestions:

 

1. No need to ensure that whenever a new full release END electric charge;

 

2. A period of time to make a protection circuit placed under the control of the profound power of the battery charge to change the statistics, but it will not increase the actual capacity of the battery;

 

3. A long time without the battery must be placed in the shade to weaken its internal autonomy, the reaction rate passivation;

 

4. Protection circuit is also capable of monitoring battery discharge, in the long term without the battery must be charged to a certain degree of power to prevent self-discharge of batteries for storage in the discharge of excessive lead to excessive damage to the battery.

 

In fact, there is not much to take into account the use of the battery of attention, in other words, is the need did not have much effect. The number of times a cell can use the differences are mainly coming from the battery itself, the making of individual differences rather than use. Choose a reputable brand of notebook PCs is the use of long battery life in the only future of the security.

Lithium-ion batteries is a new type of battery, it does not contain lithium metal in the charge-discharge process, only the lithium-ion in the positive and negative exchanges between the campaigns, the electrode and electrolyte not participating in the reaction. Lithium-ion batteries for energy densities can reach 300Wh / L, the density of the payload can reach 125Wh / L.

 

1, Principles of batteries

Lithium-Ion batteries, with charges reaction mechanism of the discharge pipe, the lithium ions between positive and negative electrodes embedded in a prolapse, shuttle to and from the internal VGP-BPS10 battery without the presence of lithium metal, lithium-ion batteries more security and stability. The reaction scheme and the formula of basic reaction is:

 

2, construction of piers

The positive is LiCoO2 batteries and more conductive adhesives, coated aluminum foil to form the positive plate, the negative electrode is a conductive layer of graphite as well as agents and adhesive coatings based on copper particles Graphite is now more advanced layers were negative using nano-carbon.

 

The mechanism of above reaction, the positive use of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O2 which this is a structure of LiCoO2 layer forms very stable crystal, but when away from LiCoO2 XLI, its structure may change, but if change depends on the X size. Through research has found that when X> 0.5, where the structure of Li1-XCoO2 expressed in extremely unstable and collapse occurs paralysis crystal, its outdoor performances of the end for the batteries overwhelming. Therefore, as part of VGP-BPS9 batteries must be controlled by limiting the charging voltage Li1-XCoO2 the value of X, the general tariff, the voltage does not exceed 4.2 V when X is less than 0.5, XCoO2-li1 then the crystal is always stable. C6 has its negative characteristics of its own, when for the first time after the LiCoO2 cathode of Li is sufficient to negative C6, when the discharge Li returned to the LiCoO2 cathode, but must be followed in a part of Li C6 remained negative, the heart of ensuring that the next charge and discharge embedding normal Li batteries otherwise overwhelming very short to ensure that there are part of the Li remained negative C6 The general threshold voltage by limiting the discharge to achieve. Therefore, the safety of lithium rechargeable batteries, the maximum voltage ≤ 4 .2 V, discharge lower limit voltage ≥ 2.5V.

 

3, the battery safety

Batteries for safety and design, materials and control of production processes in the production process is closely related to other factors. In IBM ThinkPad R51 battery charging and discharge process, the positive electrode potential anode materials are in dynamic change, with the voltage higher load, the cathode material (LixCoO2) the upside potential, the anode material for the insertion of lithium (LixC6) potential first down, then the potential emergence of a long platform, when the charging voltage is too high (> 4.2V) or because the negative electrode material of the surface density over the surface density of cathode material (C / A ratio) is low, excess lithium anode material, the cathode potential down rapidly and so the precipitation of lithium metal (in Under normal circumstances, it will not be the precipitation of lithium), it will be the performance of batteries and safety is a major threat. Potential changes see below:

 

In the matter has been defined circumstances, C / A too large, it will appear above the results. Instead, C / A is too small, the capacity is low platform, low cycle characteristics of the poor. Thus, in the production and transformation of the way to ensure the design of a good C / A ratio has become a key production and processing. Therefore, production must be controlled on the following aspects:

 

1. Materials handling anode

1) The large and ultra-fine powder with a particle size necessary for a complete separation, avoiding overheating local electrochemical reaction resulting from a negative reaction, to improve Dell Inspiron 1150 battery safety.

2) increasing the surface porosity, which can increase capacity by more than 10%, while C / A rate unchanged, security increased dramatically. Treatment led to the surface of anode materials for better compatibility with the electrolyte, and promote the formation of SEI film and stabilization.

2. Pulping process control

A) Process of pulping using methods and advanced technology of special chemical reagents, so that positive and negative slurry surface tension between the groups minimized. Improve the compatibility between the different groups to prevent the material in the mixing process “Reunion” phenomenon.

2) The time-based coating materials and spray the gap should be controlled to 0.2 mm below the surface of such a plate covered with smooth without particles, dents, scratches and other defects.

3) The suspension should be stored for more than 6 hours, the viscosity of the slurry remained stable in the Territories, slurry polymerization in a group phenomenon. Grout to ensure uniform distribution of positive and negative electrodes on the uniformity of the substrate, thereby improving the consistency of batteries, security.

 

3. The most advanced equipment for manufacturing chips

1) a pole piece can ensure stability and consistency of quality has greatly improved the uniformity of the F2024B battery pole piece, reducing the likelihood of the emergence of hazardous batteries.

2) monolithic plate coating machine exceeds the value of error density must be less than ± 2%, length of the plate and the size of the gap error must be less than 2 mm.

3) The rolls of the press roller cone and radial runout shall not be greater than 4μm, to ensure consistency of thick plates. The equipment must be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust to prevent dust particles caused by the internal micro-batteries short-circuit, thus ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

4) cutting machine must be used as a knife-type cutting rolls cutting a continuous device, and cut the film is not quite there Yebian, burrs and other defects. The same device should be equipped with a comprehensive collection of dust, ensuring self-discharge performance of batteries.

 

4. Advanced Sealing Technology

At home and abroad square lithium-ion VGP-BPS8A batteries are sealed laser (laser) welding sealing technology, which prohibits the use of YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser resonant cavity exposed to a source of bright light (usually the lamp nitrogen) to issue a bunch of inspired one frequency of light (λ = 1.06mm) was concentrated in an infinite number of refracted through the resonator, then concentrate on the Guidance cell alignment between the cylinder and the cover so that after the merger of affinity for one to reach the cover plate and the tube The objective of the merger sealing body. In order to achieve sealing welding, must contain the following elements:

1) It must be great energy, high frequency, focused performance monitoring and precision of the laser welding machine.

2) It must be applied to high precision laser welding of the shell and battery cover.

3) It must have a high degree of purity nitrogen uniform protection, especially aluminum batteries require high purity nitrogen, or aluminum surface will be difficult to produce molten Al2O3 (melting point 2400 ℃ ).

4) batteries and expansion control reasons

Lithium-ion batteries in the manufacture and use, there is often swelling of the phenomenon through the analysis and research are essentially two reasons:

Drowned in a lithium-ion led to changes in the thickness

Lithium rechargeable ion batteries where the anode from the cathode board prolapse, causing negative electrode layer spacing increases, but the swelling is, in general, the thicker apple iBook G4 14 inch battery, plus the amount of expansion.

 

2. Caused by the expansion process of poor control

During the manufacturing process, such as dispersion slurry, C / A than in discrete, temperature control directly affects the expansion of cells able batteries. Including water, because the rechargeable lithium formation of compounds with high carbon activity is very sensitive to water is a tug of chemical reactions. Gases produced by the reaction caused by the cell pressure is increased, an increase in the swelling behavior of batteries. Therefore, in production, in addition to dealing with the dehumidifier plate strict fluid injection in the process of dehumidification equipment should be used to ensure the dryness of the HR2% air, the dew point ( in the atmosphere of moist air due to temperature drop, so that the content of saturated water vapor began to condense when the temperature) is lower than -40 ℃. In very dry conditions, and taking fluids injected under vacuum, greatly reducing the chances of plates and electrolyte absorption.

5, aluminum and steel batteries comparison of the security

Aluminum over steel with high security benefits, the following is different from the pressure of the experience:

 

Note: The pressure is the pressure of batteries within the pressure (unit: kg), the data tables of a core electrical thickness (unit: mm) of steel can be considered to result internal pressure is very slow, while the internal pressure aluminum reaction was very acute. Therefore, from the thickness can be judged on the basis of battery internal pressure while the pressure of steel piles are often induced by the implicit hidden dangers. A steel model 063,448 batteries.